The History of Freedom in America essays

The History of Freedom in America essays Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Paine and J. Hector St. de Crevecoeur each offer a unique perspective about certain truths concerning American rights and responsibilities. Each author offers a promise of what America could and should be. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Elizabeth Cady Stanton are two prominent figures from America's recent past that also spoke out in regards to American's rights and responsibilities with the awe-inspiring "I have a Dream" speech and the "Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions". The Declaration of Independence is probably the most important document in American history. The Declaration revealed all the monstrous things that the king of England had done to the colonists and all the reasons why the United States had to become its own entity and become free from British rule. Great Britain had been violating the rights of the colonists by imposing taxes, not allowing them to represent themselves in parliament, not allowing them to pass laws and a great many more terrible offenses. All the colonists wanted to do was to live peacefully and prosperously and to be able to govern themselves, but the British king would not allow this to happen. The Declaration of Independence summed up all of these actions to show the king and the government why it was necessary for the colonists to separate from England. The Declaration was also used as a propaganda tool for the American's to state their reasons for rebellion and try to get other colonists to join them in their fight for freedom. Jefferson declares, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness." (Jefferson, Paragraph 2) Jefferson's emphasis on the fact that the Declaration represents the will of the people to take actions immediately against the k...

Days of the Week in Italian Vocabulary

Days of the Week in Italian Vocabulary What day is the market open? And what day does the post office close early? What day of the week do you want to go to Chianti? Besides being able to tell the time, in order to figure out when to go to events and hang out with friends, you’ll need to know the days of the week in Italian. Whether you’re reviewing the vocabulary or you’re learning it for the first time, below you’ll find useful examples for everyday conversations along with cocktail party facts so you can better understand the culture. DAYS OF THE WEEK - I GIORNI DELLA SETTIMANA Monday - lunedà ¬Tuesday - martedà ¬Wednesday - mercoledà ¬Thursday - giovedà ¬Friday - venerdà ¬Saturday - sabatoSunday - domenica Notice how the first letter of the day of the week isn’t capitalized. In Italian, days of the week, months and seasons are all lowercase. Weekend - il fine settimana You can also say â€Å"il weekend.† Pronunciation Notice how there is a grave accent mark () on the vocabulary words for Monday through Friday. That accent mark lets you know where to put the stress in the word, so in this case, the stress falls on the last syllable â€Å"di.† Esempi: A: Che giorno à ¨ oggi? - What day is it today?B: Oggi à ¨ mercoledà ¬. - Today is Wednesday.Ieri era (à ¨ stato) martedà ¬. - Yesterday was Tuesday.Domani à ¨ giovedà ¬. - Tomorrow is Thursday.Il lunedà ¬ la maggior parte dei ristoranti sono chiusi. - On Mondays the majority of restaurants are closed.Il weekend il mercato à ¨ aperto. - The market is open on the weekends.Frequento le lezioni da lunedà ¬ a venerdà ¬. - I attend lessons from Monday to Friday.Parto per l’Italia sabato. - I’m leaving for Italy on Saturday.Perchà © non à ¨ ancora venerdà ¬!? - Why isn’t it Friday yet!?Sono libero venerdà ¬ sera. Ti va di andare al cinema? - I’m free Friday. Want to go to the movies?Il giorno pià ¹ bello della settimana à ¨ lunedà ¬ perchà © à ¨ l’inizio di una nuova settimana. - The greatest day of the week is Monday because it’s the start of a new week.A: Qual à ¨ il vostro giorno di riposo (di chiusura)? - When is your day o ff?B: Siamo chiusi tutte le domeniche mattina. -   Our day off is every Sunday morning. Lunedà ¬, martedà ¬, mercoledà ¬, giovedà ¬ e venerdà ¬ are INVARIABLE, so they don’t change in their plural form. Sabato e domenica, however, have a plural form when needed. (e.g.: ...i sabati; ...le domeniche.) Vado a danza tutti i lunedà ¬. - I take my dance class every Monday.La mensa rimane aperta pià ¹ a lungo le domeniche. - Dining hall stays open longer on Sundays.Ogni martedà ¬ raccolgono la carta. - Each Tuesday is paper garbage collection. Make Your Bridges for Tuesdays Thursdays When a religious festival or holiday, like Festa della Repubblica or Ognissanti, falls on a Tuesday (martedà ¬) or a Thursday (giovedà ¬), Italians oftentimes fare il ponte, which literally means to make the bridge, and figuratively means to make a four-day holiday. That means they take off the intervening Monday or Friday.

Personal narrtive Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Personal narrtive - Essay Example The dog in this story was black in color. We call him with the name Blacky since it was black in color. Blacky was from the dash breed and it was a loving dog not only for everybody in our home but even for our neighbors also. I played and slept with balcky when he was young. I have given him much training and on every morning it was Blacky who brought news papers to us from the gate of our home. Every morning he waits in front of our home till the news paper boy arrives and collects the news paper from the newspaper boy. I purchased blacky when he was only one month old from a pet shot. Within one week from the purchase, he established company with all of us in our home. He started to show some deep relationship with me and accompany me wherever I go around my home. Moreover, he always waits for me at the gate if I went out to town for some purchasing needs. During night time Blacky will never sleep and guard our home from intruders keeping a vigilant eye on every corner of our home and its surroundings. There are many stories associated with blacky which shows his bravery and loyalty to us. In this paper I would like to describe two incidents in which we blacky shows his intimacy and bravery. After my school studies, I decided to continue my college studies in a distant college. We made all the preparations for my journey and blacky was a silent witness to all these preparations. When I prepare my bags for the journey, he stationed near me with a sad face and often wagged his tail whenever I look at him. I realized that balcky was so sad about my journey. When I was about to leave to the airport, I called blacky towards me. He slowly approached me and I had seen his ears filled with tears even though he was kept on wagging his tail. I told him that I will be back within few months and he wagged his tail more rapidly as if he understood everything. My mum and dad accompanied me till airport in order to send off me to

W3 Asign2 Strategy Map & Balanced Score Card Essay

W3 Asign2 Strategy Map & Balanced Score Card - Essay Example (Cokins, G., 2013) Using these two tools, this paper will attempt to identify the KPIs for Rotor-Rooter, a plumbing company that is based and provides services primarily in the United States. It was difficult to identify the KPIs for Roto-Rooter because aside from company-owned operations in the United States they also have independent contractors and independent franchises locally and internationally. (Roto-Rooter, 2014) Since the writer is of the belief that the independent contractors and franchises should probably have their own KPIs, this paper will focus on the performance of the company-owned branches. As mentioned earlier, this tool presents the objectives and KPIs needed to meet those company goals. For this company, the key indicators of performance start with, under Learning Growth, enhance technical skills for all Level 1 employees and improve managerial & administrative skills for Level 2 employees. I think these are important because Rotor-Rooter’s business requires its employees at these levels to practice technical skills to complete their work and organizational skills and management skills to coordinate with their many branches, franchises and contractors, respectively. For the Learning Process stage, the KPIs are to implement training programs for current and new employees and to implement management training programs to meet the objectives at the first level of the map. For the Customer Level, the KPIs are to attain customer retention at 100%, to continue providing quality service, and to provide after sales service. Finally at the Financial Stage, the KPIs are to increase revenue and to increase productivity. A balanced scorecard contains individual KPIs with a predefined target measure, and KPIs that are project-based and process-based. (Cokins, G., 2012) For Roto-Rooter, the balanced scorecard will show, as KPIs for the managers and employees, target outputs with

John Taylor Gatto Against School Essay Example for Free

John Taylor Gatto Against School Essay When it comes to the traditional education, John Taylor Gatto’s â€Å"Against School† questions whether we really need the nine month, drawn out, traditional curriculum. Gatto goes on to name several successful people through history that were not products of a contemporary school system. When I think of Gatto’s theory of forced schooling, a friend of mine named John Smith who goes by the alias of Viper comes to mind. Viper is in his late 20’s, lives in South Philadelphia, and has worked as a Roofer for the past 10 years. Viper went to a public school in South Philadelphia. Viper went to a school where said, â€Å"It wasn’t easy. I was scrawny and white and we were poorer than the jigs that went to school wit us, so we caught alota shit.† Viper’s school was extremely underfunded. â€Å"Some days there would be trash laid out by the trash cans cause nobody would change the trash bags, the food was shit, and the bathrooms†¦forget it.† He would walk twelve blocks back to his house just to go to the bathroom. There were no extracurricular activities like book clubs and band and the school was rundown and decrepit. Eventually he started to miss classes regularly. He felt that the teachers did not care. Classes were extremely boring to him. He was actually approached by his biology teacher and told he could cut class everyday as long as he turned in his work and he would receive a D at the end of the year. He was not amused by the offer, he was not even interested in graduating anymore. â€Å"I expected to be a laborer for the rest of my life so I felt like education was unimportant.† Viper’s education started taking a back seat to work around his sophomore year of high school. He was the middle child in a family of four, all of whom have dropped out of high school and are laborers today. â€Å"My parents made me get a job when I was thirteen, that’s the way it was with all my brothers,† says Viper. Eventually he started to make a decent amount of money and admits to being extremely naà ¯ve, saying â€Å"Why the fuck was I gonna go ta school for eight more years if I was makin’ 25-30 thousand dollars a year. Do the math, instead of spendin 100 thousand dollars in college and waste my time in school I coulda made 200 thousand dollars by the time I was 24.† One day Viper decided to make an appointment with a school counselor. He was hardly going to class, working every day when he was supposed to be in school, and partying every night and having fun. School was more of a social event. He was just going to school to see his friends and make plans for the weekend. When he told the school counselor that he was planning on dropping out the counselor stood up, looked him in the eye, extended his hand and said, â€Å"Good Luck!† â€Å"The guy didn’t even give a shit!† Viper said. By the time December came around of his sophomore year, he was a high school dropout. He was working everyday by that time already so he was not stagnant. He was still living with his parents. The fact that he dropped out was ok with them because he could â€Å"contribute to the house,† as his father put it. Viper eventually saved enough money to get his own place and now lives with his wife of three years and their two children who are two and five years of age. He said, â€Å"I always thought I learned more out of school than in high school, but it’s not what my kids are gonna do†. He aspires to open his own roofing company one day. Although I do not agree with the path that Viper chose in life, he is happy and successful today. He is a great father and happily married. He does not drink anymore and devotes every second of his free time to his family. In a way he is almost a survivor to me. He is not well spoken or the brightest guy in the world, but he would d o anything in his power to help any person in a bind.

Essay --

Let me point out a few common misconceptions that you might create while conceptualising your own version of Bigg's ideas. 'Surface' and 'deep' are characteristics of the approaches that students might make, not characteristics of the students themselves. The three learning theories I want to discuss are Constructivist, Humanist and Congnitivism. According to constructivist theorists it is important that students do not have misconceptions before they start to learn a new concept. Teachers should identify the students current understanding and ideas in order to construct new meaning. This can be done, for example, by giving a quiz as an introduction to a new subject, by group discussion, by giving activities after presenting new information or by linking to students previous experiences. When teaching in business I have given students quiz about the economy before discussing and teaching the subject. This way I can asses what level of knowledge and understanding there already is on the subject before the learners begin to construct new meaning. I would then present some infor...

Militarism and Border Violence

War exposes the operation of sex and race in the construction of a nation as war enables us to perceive the process of securing and creating territories through the use and implementation of particular values and standards of perceiving reality. For example, the division between the battlefront and home front along with the emphasis on the action in the trenches creates and highlights gendered boundaries, which are equivalent to the division between the protector and the protected. Furthermore, the social territories formed during and after the war highlights the use of ethnocentric viewpoints, which leads to racism and the exploitation of bodies. The mode in which these events are possible can be read by stating that the current events within the world are affected by the different modes in which a hegemonic groups’ power becomes visible in a society. Within this perspective, one may state that the current oppression that women experience is caused by the patriarchal views heeded by those who directly affect world politics. Such may be the case; however it is still possible to state that even though certain nations hold control of current world politics, equal ground has been given to the different agents within society. Women, in this perspective, may be seen as possessing freedom in so far as they are no longer placed within the stereotypes of the feminine. However, the case is not that simple. Consider for example a woman in a Third World Country who is granted the recognition of her independence. Although this woman is â€Å"free†, she is still placed within the stereotype of a Third World woman who needs to be further emancipated from her â€Å"barbaric† culture. In order to resolve such a conflict let us consider Michel Foucault’s conception of power. According to Foucault, power is not an institution. It refers to the strategic situations within a particular society. It cannot be located in a particular or specific entity such as the state’s sovereign, it is everywhere and nowhere at the same time manifesting its existence in the different forms of repressions present within society. Repression, however, should not be seen as an entirely negative aspect. Repression is not a form of paralysis; it should not be seen as a freezing of possibilities for all forms of repression enables. Consider for example a Muslim woman who is forced by social norms to wear a burqa. According to Abu-Lughod the act of wearing a burqa should not be seen as repressive in character since Muslim women choose to wear it for it is a basis of their social status. A Muslim woman who does not wear a burqa for instance does not come from a reputable family or she is a woman who participates in the trade of the flesh. Abu-Lughod states that the benevolent father image portrayed by America towards the Palestinian women misconstrues the Palestinian women’s cultural background. Such an ethnocentric perspective merely shows America’s disrespect of other cultures. In the above example, one can see how a repressive state may have allowances, which the individual may use to inch towards her freedom, which in these terms refers to the control of the power relations that is dominant in that particular period. Palestinian women’s opposition of the predominant consciousness regarding women’s oppression can best be portrayed using the notion of oppositional consciousness. Oppositional consciousness refers to the subversive use of tools of repression. This is evident in the practice of Palestinian women in the United States who choose to wear their burqa despite their freedom to dispose of it within foreign grounds. It might be stated that such an action is only possible since there are no threats placed upon the individual’s life when she refuses to adhere to the practice in a different place. However, it can be argued that as long as their actions are explicitly stated to stand for a particular cause notion of oppositional consciousness still follows. Oppositional consciousness, however, becomes problematic when one considers that an individual is predisposed to think in a particular way based upon his or her ontological and epistemic background. In other words, is it really possible for a woman to obtain freedom when she has been conditioned or predisposed to think in a particular way? Specifically, in a way wherein she considers the view of the patriarch to be the basis for truth compared to the view of her fellow women. This tendency is apparent in the current contentions that feminism experiences with women outside the academe. As an answer to the events, which occurred after the September 11 bombing, Bachetta, together with other transnational feminists stated their disapproval towards the violent effects of Bush’s â€Å"messianic mission† to redeem the world from all forms of â€Å"terror† evident in the so called â€Å"backward† and â€Å"barbaric ways† of those who reside in the Middle East. According to S.R., a Palestinian woman, though she agrees with the general appeal of feminists to stop the war, she disapproves of the way that feminists present Palestinian women in general. According to S.R., liberation should not be forced on an individual. It is an instinct, which presents itself on its own way. The general contention regarding transnational feminists appeal is their ethnocentric tendency to perceive other women who refuses to heed their call as â€Å"oppressed† individuals. However, it may be argued that transnational feminists notion of feminism may be salvaged if one considers that their emphasis lies on the need for women to be freed from their political double bind apparent in their marginalization as women and in the use of their bodies as tools for the assertion of power. Instances like these can be seen in Falcon’s analysis of the militarized rape cases, which occurred in the US-Mexico border. Sylvanna Falcon, in her paper â€Å"‘National Security’ and the Violation of Women’s Bodies† reiterates these claims as she discussed the cases of rape committed at the US-Mexico border. Falcon argued that the rape and harassment of women in the said border presents an example of â€Å"the hypermasculine nature of war and militarism† wherein sexual assault is used as a military strategy which aims to â€Å"dominate women and psychologically debilitate people viewed as the ‘enemy’† (120). According to Falcon, what occurs in the border is a form of â€Å"national security rape and systematic rape†. â€Å"National security rape† refers to the sexual abuse of women committed for the sake of â€Å"bolstering (a soldier’s) nervous nerves†. â€Å"Systematic rape†, on the other hand, refers to the use of rape â€Å"as an instrument of open warfare† (121). It should be noted that these women are placed in a political double bind. Besides being displaced individuals and forced migrants, they are considered as threats to the state as the state conveniently forgets that these individuals are products of the internal repressions caused by the war. One might presume that their existence within the middle ground grants them a special immunity since they are freed from the hegemonizing tendencies of the state. In fact, Falcon herself recognizes their positionality as providing them with a space that enables them to counter the system’s legitimacy. This idea becomes her springboard for the possibility of holding the United States accountable for the human rights violations committed in the US-Mexican border. However, it is important to consider the tendency of â€Å"universal rights† to be particularistic in character, in other words, applicable to others only-particularly to the enemy of those who hold the position of power. In the 1990’s a new norm has developed in international affairs. This refers to the right of self designated â€Å"enlighted states† to resort to force in order to protect humanity†. The guiding principle behind this exists in the malleability of norms and its tendency to be placed in alignment with the interests of the powerful. An example of this is apparent in Nuremberg trials wherein an act is considered â€Å"criminal† if and only it is not one, which the victor committed. The operative definition of a crime or any form of injustice within the universal jurisdiction would be an act, which only the vanquished foe committed. A more recent example can be seen in the â€Å"war against terror† of the United States. According to the US Code and Army Manual, terrorism refers to â€Å"the use, or threat, of action which is violent, damaging, or disrupting, and is intended to influence the government or intimidate the public and is for the purpose of advancing a political, religious, or ideological cause† (qtd from George, 18). From this definition, it follows that the sexual assaults, which occur at the US-Mexico border are in themselves acts of terrorism since they are enacted in order to reinforce the United States’ hold on the territory through causing damages and disruptions in women’s lives. This presents us with the self- negating tendencies of the United States’ â€Å"messianic mission† of grafting democracy along with its ideals of freedom and liberty to the rest of the world. Although it might be stated that United States may be held accountable for it offenses against the national community, the possibility of the event is dependent upon the change of the power relations that dominate the national society. Such a change, on the other hand is dependent upon women’s recognition of their positions as transnational members of the global community capable of mobilizing against the capitalist movements in the world. Works Cited: Falcon, Sylvanna.   â€Å"‘National Security’ and the Violation of Women: Militarized Border Rape at the U.S. Mexico Border.† George, Alexander.   Western State Terrorism.   Polity: Blackwell, 1991.         

Salem Witch Trial Theories

Brennyn Mackey 2 May 2011 The Secret War of Salem Exposing the Culprit behind the Mass Hysteria The Salem Witch Trials were a series of infamous events that demand an explanation for their occurrence. The trials that took place in 1692 caused neighbors in the community of Salem Village in the colony of Massachusetts to turn on one another out of paranoia, accusing one another of witchcraft. According to Carol Karlsen, a longtime author of the subject, nineteen people were hanged and about 200 others were imprisoned (40).A few theories have been offered in order to explain the root of this mass hysteria. The theories in question need to be examined to see which holds the most credibility. Most historians who have studied the subject agree on the chronological order of events that set this dark episode of history into motion. They believe it began in the household of Reverend Samuel Parris. Reverend Parris owned a West Indian slave named Tituba. Tituba would tell the young girls storie s of her experiences in sorcery when the reverend was away.This small group of girls started with Abigail Williams, the reverend’s niece, and Elizabeth Parris, his daughter. Soon, a few girls from neighboring homes joined. Eventually, the girls began to exhibit exceptionally erratic behaviors. They would have hallucinations and convulsions. A physician checked the girls, but he failed to find a natural cause for their behavior. He attributed their ailments to a supernatural cause (Salem Witch Trials). The girls began to claim they were being afflicted by witches and started making accusations. Thus, the panic ensued.Those who have studied the subject of the Salem Witch Trials have very few disagreements on these events. Though history may have documented the events, it has not presented a clear underlying cause to their occurrence. Why did the girls act in such a manner? Scholars have presented their own theories for this mystery. One theory that attempts to explain the hyste ria is that there was a fungal poisoning such as ergot in the bread that the girls ate. This would be an ideal explanation for their convulsions. Another theory is that witchcraft was actually being practiced.This theory states that the incredibly odd behavior of the girls was attributed to the practices that Tituba was teaching them. A final theory that draws much interest is that the girls were acting. Scholars have looked at these events from a political perspective and suggest that Reverend Parris persuaded the young girls to act in an odd manner. The theory that answers the most questions without raising an equal number of new questions is the best explanation. The theory that Reverend Parris used the girls to gain wealth holds such a status.The theory that there was an ergot infestation is advocated by a professor named Linnda Caporeal. Caporeal has argued that a fungal poison known as ergot, which grows on rye, had been ingested by the girls, causing their behaviors. She goes on to explain that â€Å"all the symptoms [of ergot poisoning] are alluded to in the Salem Witch Trials† (Caporeal). This theory does not make sense when considering why the only ones affected were the young girls in the Parris household. Convulsive ergot poisoning most often affects small children, but the Salem Village had hundreds of residents.The whole village ate grains harvested from the same fields and this theory does not have an account of anyone else exhibiting the slightest convulsions. It is far too coincidental that the only ones affected were a few young girls. This theory has also been attacked by researchers such as Spanos and Gottlieb. They address the point previously mentioned as well as the nutritional condition of the villagers. In another article, they responded to Caporeal’s arguments regarding the afflicted girls as well as the villagers’ nutritional susceptibility.Spanos and Gottlieb state that â€Å"the fact that most individuals [â⠂¬ ¦] living in the same households as the afflicted girls showed no signs of symptoms is attributed by Caporeal to wide individual differences in susceptibility to ergot poisoning. † They also discuss vitamin A deficiency. According to their research: Ergot poisoning in individuals with adequate vitamin A intakes leads to gangrenous rather than convulsive symptoms. Vitamin A is found both in fish and in dairy products. Salem Village was a farming community and Salem Town, which bordered the village, was a well-known seaport; cows and fish were plentiful.There is no evidence to suggest a vitamin A deficiency in the diet of the inhabitants, and it would be particularly unlikely for the so-called â€Å"afflicted girls,† some of whom came from well-to-do farming families. The absence of any instance of gangrenous symptomatology makes it highly unlikely that ergot played any role in the Salem crisis (Spanos). The theory that there was an ergot infestation does not seem to h old up to the accounts of Spanos and Gottlieb. The theory of ergot infestation has slowly lost credibility due to these pieces of evidence.Another theory that attempts to explain the paranoia is the theory that witchcraft was being practiced in the community. The word â€Å"witch† came into English from Wicca, an Anglo-Saxon word that means â€Å"wise one† (Buckland 26). Witches have been viewed throughout history as servants of Satan, spreading misfortune. This is an exaggerated stereotype similar to the misconception that witches fly around on broomsticks and transform into animals. A Wiccan author known as Sheena Morgan addresses issues regarding false stereotypes of witchcraft. She states that people â€Å"have lots of misconceptions about what Wicca and witchcraft actually entail.People seem to confuse witchcraft with Satanism or devil worship [†¦] Wicca [†¦] does not seek new adherents† (14). The author implies that Wicca is a pantheistic religio n that promotes harmony with the natural world and does not entail bloodletting rituals. All the â€Å"Halloween† aspects of Wicca are stereotypical misrepresentations of their beliefs. The Puritans had a deep fear that those dark conceptions were a reality. Such preconceived notions and religious beliefs that the Puritans had regarding witchcraft must have been the fuel for the trials. According toPuritan beliefs, witches worshipped Satan. Melanie Gauch, a lifetime Wiccan, has stated that Wiccans do not believe in a devil. That is a Christian notion that the Puritans associate with paganism. The Puritans exercised complete intolerance of the Wiccan beliefs and created the paranoia in their own minds when they felt threatened. In the Bible, Exodus 22:18 states, â€Å"Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live† (King James Bible). The puritans followed the Bible wholeheartedly, and their beliefs carried them to accusations, and then on to interrogations.However, the main pro blem with the witchcraft theory is that it cannot be proven. The accusations themselves could not even be proven. One way to accuse someone of witchcraft was by use of spectral evidence. If an apparition appeared to an individual, they could point a finger at someone and accuse that person of afflicting them (Salem Witch Trials). This spectral evidence was only witnessed by the afflicted, but was generally accepted as credible evidence. Due to fear and hysteria, accusations could be made without proof of any witchcraft.It is highly unlikely that witchcraft played any part in the terror of the trials. The theory that Reverend Samuel Parris was the true incendiary behind the trials carries the most logic. Samuel Parris was closely associated with the Putnam family and had been given a minister’s contract that included all the usual benefits, such as a decent salary, a house and free firewood. However, Parris had received all this in addition to a title and deed to the parish, w hich enraged the residents who did not want to be congregationally separate from Salem Town (Saari 35-6).He was in desperate need of securing his position as minister and the outbreak of witchcraft accusations was the best way to do it. In a time of such paranoia regarding satanic forces, the villagers would be in desperate need of his services. Ernest King and Franklin Mixon Jr. authored an article discussing that concept. According to them: Salem Village, both before and through the witchcraft trials, was a religion-based community, allowing its minister to exert a level of political–economic control over its citizens. During the height of the itchcraft episode, there was an increased demand for ministerial services (salvation) in the Salem area. Recent research has argued that the minister used the witchcraft episode to maintain and build upon personal and corporate wealth (King and Mixon). This demonstrates that Reverend Parris had the political motives for taking advanta ge of the girls’ behavior. When witchcraft accusations arose, some of the Salem residents who had opposed the reverend’s contract had no choice but to attend church and pay any offerings they could. If they did not do so, they would run the risk of being accused of witchcraft.This was a simply perfect solution for Reverend Parris. Before continuing to examine the reverend, it is necessary to understand his background. Samuel Parris was born in London and grew up to inherit his father’s plantation. After a hurricane devastated the plantation, he became a merchant. However, when his business failed, he decided to be a minister (Orr 16). It seems the reverend’s life had a series of failures. According to Frances Hill, author of numerous books on the subject, Parris’s first misfortune had been dropping out of Harvard (117).After all the other hindrances, he was ready to accept a job as minister of Salem Village, but then demanded more and more changes to his contract over time, continuously negotiating matters such as firewood and corn provisions, the deed to the ministry house and salary (118). The Putnam family controlled most of the farmland in Salem Village and played a large part in his ministerial contract. This evidence shows there may have been a political partnership between the two. Salem Village and Salem Town were in a period of great political tension.During this time, the Putnam family owned most of the farmland in Salem Village and wanted to become separate from Salem Town, the nearby thriving seaport on which the other villagers depended upon for economic reasons (Salem Witch Trials). This divided the village, and the Reverend Samuel Parris became minister during this turmoil. Other than political division, the villagers had everyday worries such as Indian raids and smallpox outbreaks, which increased tensions. This was the social situation at the time of Parris’s ascent to position of minister.In order to gain political power, Reverend Parris would have had to do something about those who opposed him. The authors Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum examine the social history of the Salem community in their book, Salem Possessed and they have noticed a pattern. A series of petitions against the reverend were collected and the names of those who opposed Parris in the past were the ones most often accused of witchcraft. The names included the majority of the Proctor family and Rebecca Nurse (183-6). The most astounding case was the account of George Burroughs, the previous minister of Salem Village.When George Burroughs spoke out against the trials that Reverend Parris was championing, he was immediately tried for witchcraft. He was found guilty. Soon before he was hung, he had recited â€Å"The Lord’s Prayer,† which was supposedly impossible for a witch (Salem Witch Trials). Unfortunately, it is not known for certain whether or not Reverend Parris had been advocating agains t him until his moment of death, but this was another accusation that worked in Parris’s favor. The Salem Witch Trials may have been an irrational event, but they still have a rational explanation.Numerous scholars have attempted to explain away the events with multiple theories, but only one explanation has withstood questioning. The theory that Reverend Parris used the girls to gain political influence is most sensible. The reverend would have lost his job and after so many setbacks in his earlier life, he would not have been prepared for another loss. The relationships between two of the girls and the reverend makes the reverend highly suspect, but even more so was the fact that the accused were the ones who had usually opposed Parris in the past.The accounts of George Burroughs and the political partnership between the Putnam family and Reverend Parris carries also carries a lot of weight. In the end, the evidence shows that Reverend Samuel Parris was the culprit behind t he mass hysteria. Works Cited Boyer, Paul, and Stephen Nissenbaum. Salem Possessed: The Social Origins of Witchcraft. Harvard, 1974. Print Buckland, Raymond. Witchcraft from the Inside: Origins of the Fastest Growing Religious Movement in America. St. Paul: Llewellyn Pub. , 1971. Print. Caporeal, Linnda. Ergotism: The Satan Loosed in Salem? † Science Vol. 192 (1976) Web. 30 Apr. 2011. Gauch, Melanie. Facebook Personal Message Interview. 1 May 2011. Hill, Frances. The Salem Witch Trials Reader. Cambridge: Da Capo P. , 2001. Print. Karlsen, Carol F. The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in Colonial New England. Ontario: Penguin Books Canada, 1987. Print. King, Ernest W. , and Franklin G. Mixon. â€Å"Religiosity and the Political Economy of the Salem Witch Trials. † Social Science Journal. 47. 3 (2010): Abstract.Business Source Premiere. Web. 29 Apr. 2011. Morgan, Sheena. The Wicca Handbook: A complete Guide to Witchcraft and Magic. London: Vega, 2003. Print Orr, Tamra. People at the Center of: The Salem Witch Trials. Farmington Hills: Blackbirch Press, 2004. Print. Saari, Peggy. Witchcraft in America. Detroit: UXL, 2001. Print. â€Å"Salem Witch Trials. † In Search of History. History Channel. A&E Television Networks, 1998. DVD Spanos, Nicholas and Jack Gottlieb. â€Å"Ergotism and the Salem Village Witch Trials† Science Vol. 194 (1976) Web. 30 Apr. 2011.

Free Essays on A Whole New Point of View on Volpone

A Whole New Point of View The lights dim, the audience goes silent, spotlight up, out steps the producer to introduce his play, Coca-Cola’s Craig Kevorkian Presents Volpone. The curtains open up to a completely unfamiliar setting. I, Craig Kevorkian, the Producer, have made a few minor adaptations to the play in order that it might hold the interest of the audience; you see, Jonson’s version was just too boring. The year is 2642 AD; the place is the futuristic city of Venice situated on a space platform orbiting high above the planet of Italy. The characters all have their own little quirks with names to match. Volponex is the man-cyborg as clever as a fox. Moscax is a robot who feeds off of the same energy source as Volponex but assists him in all things. Nanox is a genetically engineered midget alien. Ballsy is a eunuch whose testicles were removed as punishment for his poor rhyming scheme. Pat is an um†¦. uh†¦. well†¦. it’s Pat; there’s not much to say about umm him? Her? Voltorex is a lawyer whose pocketbook is too thick for his own good. Corbacciox X is an older model cyborg and mentor to the newer cyborg Bonariox 3000. Corvinox is a space merchant from the planet Ghoti; and of course there is President and First Beyatch Politicex Oughtn’tex-Beex, visiting from the planet England. As the curtains open upon the play the great cyborg, Volponex, stands in his docking station and beckons his little rolly robot helper (you know the kind, the small kind of pyramidy thing with wheels on the bottom and arms that extend from inside to sweep things up, pull back curtains, pull out chairs and the like, not particularly elegant, but functional. It has a big face painted on the front, with a smiley face.), commands him to display a holographic image showing his stock quotes, savings, and checking accounts. Feeling disatisified with a mere 996 billion denarri credits, he decides to go on a hunt for more money. He a... Free Essays on A Whole New Point of View on Volpone Free Essays on A Whole New Point of View on Volpone A Whole New Point of View The lights dim, the audience goes silent, spotlight up, out steps the producer to introduce his play, Coca-Cola’s Craig Kevorkian Presents Volpone. The curtains open up to a completely unfamiliar setting. I, Craig Kevorkian, the Producer, have made a few minor adaptations to the play in order that it might hold the interest of the audience; you see, Jonson’s version was just too boring. The year is 2642 AD; the place is the futuristic city of Venice situated on a space platform orbiting high above the planet of Italy. The characters all have their own little quirks with names to match. Volponex is the man-cyborg as clever as a fox. Moscax is a robot who feeds off of the same energy source as Volponex but assists him in all things. Nanox is a genetically engineered midget alien. Ballsy is a eunuch whose testicles were removed as punishment for his poor rhyming scheme. Pat is an um†¦. uh†¦. well†¦. it’s Pat; there’s not much to say about umm him? Her? Voltorex is a lawyer whose pocketbook is too thick for his own good. Corbacciox X is an older model cyborg and mentor to the newer cyborg Bonariox 3000. Corvinox is a space merchant from the planet Ghoti; and of course there is President and First Beyatch Politicex Oughtn’tex-Beex, visiting from the planet England. As the curtains open upon the play the great cyborg, Volponex, stands in his docking station and beckons his little rolly robot helper (you know the kind, the small kind of pyramidy thing with wheels on the bottom and arms that extend from inside to sweep things up, pull back curtains, pull out chairs and the like, not particularly elegant, but functional. It has a big face painted on the front, with a smiley face.), commands him to display a holographic image showing his stock quotes, savings, and checking accounts. Feeling disatisified with a mere 996 billion denarri credits, he decides to go on a hunt for more money. He a...

Qué es TPS y beneficios migratorios a centroamericanos

Quà © es TPS y beneficios migratorios a centroamericanos El Estatus de Proteccià ³n Temporal, conocido como TPS por sus siglas en inglà ©s, es un beneficio que otorgan las autoridades de Estados Unidos a migrantes indocumentados de determinados paà ­ses en donde existe una situacià ³n grave de inestabilidad, como una guerra civil o un desastre natural. No todos los migrantes indocumentados procedentes de paà ­ses en conflicto pueden beneficiarse de un TPS. Las autoridades de Estados Unidos deben emitir una declaracià ³n formal extendiendo proteccià ³n TPS a los nacionales de un paà ­s en particular. Puntos Clave: TPS El TPS es una proteccià ³n temporal otorgada por el gobierno de los Estados Unidos a los migrantes de paà ­ses en situaciones de inestabilidad grave.Beneficios migratorios por TPS: los migrantes no pueden ser deportados, cuentan con permiso de trabajo y pueden solicitar permiso para viajar fuera de EE.UU. y regresar.Paà ­ses centroamericanos amparados bajo TPS: El Salvador, Nicaragua y Honduras.  ¿Quà © paà ­ses tienen TPS? En la actualidad, los ciudadanos de 10 paà ­ses pueden beneficiarse de un TPS, en tanto reà ºnan los requisitos establecidos en sus respectivas declaraciones de Estatus de Proteccià ³n Temporal: El Salvador, Haità ­, Honduras, Nepal, Nicaragua, Siria, Somalia, Sudn, Sudn del Sur y Yemen. En estos momentos, la situacià ³n del TPS para El Salvador, Nicaragua, Haità ­ y Sudn es voltil debido a que la administracià ³n del Presidente Donald Trump dictaminà ³ el fin del programa, pero la orden preliminar de una corte de distrito impide, por el momento, la ejecucià ³n de dicha decisià ³n.  ¿Cules son las protecciones migratorias para los migrantes con TPS? Las protecciones migratorias para los migrantes indocumentados con TPS aprobado o elegibles para TPS son las siguientes: No pueden ser deportados ni detenidos por razones migratorias.Tienen derecho a un permiso de trabajo conocido como EAD.Pueden obtener un permiso para viajar fuera de EE.UU. y regresar.Pueden solicitar un nà ºmero del Seguro Social y sacar la licencia de manejar. Sin embargo, un TPS no es un camino directo hacia la tarjeta de residencia permanente, conocida como green card. En otras palabras, un TPS no se convierte en una green card al cabo del paso del tiempo y de manera automtica. Tampoco es un camino hacia la ciudadanà ­a estadounidense. Cabe destacar que, como condicià ³n indispensable para obtener los beneficios del TPS, es obligatorio estar en Estados Unidos en el momento en que se produce la declaracià ³n de las autoridades estadounidenses otorgando TPS a un determinado paà ­s. En otras palabras, el TPS no beneficia a los migrantes que llegaron en fecha posterior a dicha declaracià ³n. Tambià ©n es imprescindible haber solicitado el TPS en los 18 meses siguientes al inicio del programa y haber solicitado la extensià ³n cada vez que se decretà ³ la misma. Situacià ³n de TPS para salvadoreà ±os El TPS para El Salvador se aprobà ³ en 2001 y desde entonces se extendià ³ en sucesivas ocasiones. En la actualidad, unos 200.000 salvadoreà ±os se benefician del mismo, aunque estn en riesgo de perderlo. En enero de 2018, el Departamento de Seguridad Interna (DSH, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) anuncià ³ que no iba a extender el TPS para El Salvador y que este caducarà ­a en septiembre de 2019. Sin embargo, segà ºn una orden preliminar en el caso Ramos et al v. Nielsen et al, el DHS no puede poner fin a la proteccià ³n de TPS. Mientras tanto, para los salvadoreà ±os que pidieron la à ºltima extensià ³n de su TPS, tienen que haber recibido la carta Notice of Continued Evidence of Work Authorization enviada por USCIS. Esta puede presentarse junto con el permiso de trabajo como prueba de que se est autorizado para trabajar en Estados Unidos. Las personas que no han recibido la carta y cumplen los requisitos (como haber solicitado la extensià ³n del TPS dentro de plazo a principios de 2018) pueden solicitarla marcando al 1-800-375-5283 o comunicndose con Emma, la asistente virtual de USCIS. TPS y beneficiarios nicaragà ¼enses La situacià ³n de los nicaragà ¼enses con TPS es similar a la de los salvadoreà ±os. El gobierno de EE.UU. anuncià ³ el fin de ese programa el 5 de julio de 2019, pero la orden preliminar de una corte de distrito del norte de California ha dejado, por el momento, vigente el programa, y se est a la espera de futuras decisiones judiciales. Mientras tanto, entre 2.500 y 5.000 nicaragà ¼enses siguen amparados por el TPS con permisos de trabajo con fecha de vencimiento de 2 de abril de 2019. El gobierno de Estados Unidos concedià ³ el TPS para Nicaragua en 1999, despuà ©s de que el huracn Mitch devastà ³ el paà ­s. Pudieron acogerse al programa los nicaragà ¼enses que demostraron haber ingresado a EE.UU. el 30 de diciembre de 1998 o antes y haber estado en el paà ­s de forma continua desde el 5 de enero de 1999. TPS para hondureà ±os A mediados de 2008, el gobierno de Trump extendià ³ el TPS para hondureà ±os hasta el 5 de enero de 2020. Aproximadamente unos 57.000 hondureà ±os tienen TPS, bajo la resolucià ³n que fue aprobada en 1998 tras los desastres provocados en su paà ­s por el paso del huracn Mitch.  ¿Quà © pueden hacer los migrantes con TPS para arreglar sus papeles? Teniendo en consideracià ³n que el TPS no se convierte nunca automticamente en una tarjeta de residencia permanente y que existe la amenaza real de que el TPS caduque, es conveniente explorar si existen posibilidades de quedarse en Estados Unidos legalmente. En primer lugar, es posible para algunos migrantes ajustar su estatus cuando hay una peticià ³n. Por ejemplo, una solicitud de papeles presentada por un ciudadano estadounidense para su cà ³nyuge o por un hijo nacido en EE.UU. mayor de 21 para su padre o su madre. En ambos casos, para que sea posible el ajuste de estatus es necesario que el migrante haya ingresado legalmente a EE.UU., aunque luego se hubiera convertido en indocumentado al no salir dentro del plazo autorizado. Cabe destacar que los migrantes que ingresaron a EE.UU. cruzando ilegalmente la frontera no pueden ajustar su estatus por peticià ³n de cà ³nyuge ciudadano ni de hijos ciudadanos. Estas peticiones deben finalizarse en una embajada o consulado de EE.UU. y esa salida del paà ­s lleva aparejada, en muchos casos, que se active el castigo de 3 a 10 aà ±os que impide regresar por ese tiempo. La à ºnica excepcià ³n son los migrantes que califiquen para obtener un perdà ³n provisional por dureza extrema antes de viajar fuera de EE.UU., ya que aunque tendrà ­a que salir del paà ­s para presentarse a la entrevista en un consulado podrà ­an regresar inmediatamente despuà ©s de la misma. En segundo lugar, serà ­a posible para algunos migrantes acogerse al asilo polà ­tico. Aunque en principio hay que solicitarlo en el plazo de un aà ±o desde que se ingresa a EE.UU., el TPS paraliza ese cà ³mputo, ya que es una circunstancia extraordinaria que, en el lenguaje legal del asilo, para el reloj. En tercer lugar, los migrantes que son familiares inmediatos de un ciudadano que sirve en el Ejà ©rcito de los Estados Unidos o es veterano o reservista podrà ­an regularizar su situacià ³n y sacar la green card por medio del programa conocido como Parole in Place. Finalmente, los migrantes và ­ctimas de ciertos crà ­menes podrà ­an obtener beneficios migratorios a travà ©s de la visa T para casos de trfico humano. Esta opcià ³n tambià ©n aplica para la visa U, para casos de personas que han colaborado en la resolucià ³n de ciertos crà ­menes o la condena de los victimarios, asà ­ como el programa VAWA para và ­ctimas de violencia domà ©stica para cà ³nyuges de ciudadanos o residentes permanentes legales. En algunos casos esta proteccià ³n tambià ©n se extiende a los padres e hijos de los mismos. Es importante evitar ser và ­ctima de fraude de asesores no calificados que juegan con la desesperacià ³n de los migrantes. Es recomendable consultar el caso de cada persona con un abogado calificado o un representante acreditado por el Departamento de Justicia. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Parenting Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Parenting Education - Essay Example They must be told at the initial phase of their lives that a little mischief is always permissible but doing this in an all-out manner is not a very acceptable thing. This paper takes a keen look at the critical standpoint of the relationships that exist within the parents and the kids’ spheres. It also studies the basis of the parents being at the helm of complete control and exerting their influence in nearly all the kids’ activities and undertakings. One sees this relationship between the parents and the kids in such a way that allows for their positive association with one another. However it is when the kids stop realizing that they are answerable to their parents that the whole problem creeps into the related domains. This is one of the most important aspects that one should understand before delving deep into the study basis of associations between the parents and their kids. The parents are unaware of the new ways and means through which their kids are bent upon deceiving them (Levine 2007). They are also unknowing the realms that their kids are outsmarting them in terms of technological prowess and related technical details that they are learning by the day. The ignorance therefore is very detrimental towards the cause of raising kids on a solid footing, as the repercussions are immensely hazardous for the parents as well as their kids. The parents might not live long enough to see their kids getting to good ages but what they can do is to inculcate a sense of sound.